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Blood Functions

Blood Functions

Broadly conceived, the function of the blood is to maintain the constancy of the internal environment (homeostasis). The circulating blood makes possible human adaptability to changing conditions of life—the endurance of wide variations of climate and atmospheric pressure; the capacity to alter the amount of physical activity; the tolerance of changing diet and fluid intake; the resistance to physical injury, chemical poisons, and infectious agents. The blood has an exceedingly complex structure, and many components participate in its functional activities. Some of the regulatory mechanisms with which the blood is involved include sensors that detect alterations in temperature, in pH, in oxygen tension, and in concentrations of the constituents of the blood. Effects of these stimuli are in some instances mediated via the nervous system or by the release of hormones (chemical mediators). Some of the major functions of the blood are outlined in the paragraphs that follow.

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